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" A primary justification for a basic income is social justice. "
Guy Standing
Social
Social Justice
Basic
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" Although the precariat does not consist simply of victims, since many in it challenge their parents' labouring ethic, its growth has been accelerated by the neoliberalism of globalisation, which put faith in labour market flexibility, the commodification of everything, and the restructuring of social protection. "
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" Growth in village economies is often ignored. It should not be. "
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" Successive governments in the U.K. have worked to create a more flexible labour market, which also meant labour insecurity. They allowed wages to drop and non-wage benefits to shrivel, creating worse inequality than statistics reveal. "
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" The claim that if people had a basic income they would become lazy is prejudiced and has been refuted many times in many places. "
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" Most existing national capital funds have been built up from royalties from oil and other minerals. They need not be limited that way. Most are anything but democratic. That could be changed. "
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" In the old 20th-century income distribution system, the shares of income going to capital, mainly in profits, and labor, in wages and non-wage benefits, were roughly stable. But that system is no more. "
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More
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" The Latin root of 'precariousness' is 'to obtain by prayer.' The precariat must ask for favours, for charity, to show obsequiousness, to plead with figures of authority. It is degrading and stigmatizing. "
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" If the scale of gas is anything like the claims made by its advocates, it has major implications for the economy and British society. Besides its worrying environmental aspects, it could have adverse effects on income distribution. "
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" In the interests of competitiveness in a globalizing world economy, governments of all complexions introduced labour-market reforms that promoted flexibility but accentuated the precariat's insecurities. "
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Interests
World
" The precariat is the first class in history to be losing acquired rights - cultural, civil, social, economic, and political. "
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First
History
Losing
" I don't see basic income as a panacea, but we must have a new income distribution system. The old one has broken down irretrievably. "
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System
Old
New
" The World Bank and others have been converted to conditional cash transfers (CCT). These provide poor people with cash on condition they send their children to school and for medical treatment. "
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Medical
Children
School
" People in the precariat find themselves in the situation where the level of their education and qualifications is almost always higher than the sort of labour that they're going to be able to obtain. "
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Situation
Education
" Across Europe, not just in the U.K., the old Beveridge and Bismarckian variants of the welfare state have been dismantled. In their place has been erected a mish-mash of means-tested, behaviour-tested social assistance, with a growing tendency to force young unemployed into workfare schemes, which are helping to depress real wages. "
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Force
Place
Young
" Means-tested benefits have one incredible feature in that they impose huge poverty traps. "
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Impose
Poverty
Incredible
" Retraining for the precariat is stressful and demoralising; often, they learn new tricks only to find them obsolescent or unwanted. "
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Only
Find
" The precariat consists of a growing proportion of our total society. It is being habituated to accept a life of unstable labour and unstable living. Often they're unable to say what their occupation is, because what they're doing now might be quite different from what they were doing three months ago. "
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Life
Living
" Public social services, infrastructural policies, and so on are vital. But a basic income should be part of a package of reforms. "
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Public
Social
Income
" The Magna Carta was the first class-based charter, enforced on the monarchy by the rising class. "
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Class
First
Monarchy
" Sanctions and workfare make it easier for employers to impose insecure practices on desperate people. "
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Desperate
Insecure
Easier
" Millions of people in many so-called democratic countries have lost the right to vote, or never obtain it. And millions clearly feel that the political mainstream is not articulating a vocabulary or policies oriented to their needs and aspirations. "
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Vote
Feel
Lost
" The primary value of a basic income would be its emancipatory effect. "
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Value
Income
Basic
" Since all political parties blame the others for the economic mess, it is unfair to attribute unemployment to individual behaviour. "
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Political
Others
" Chronic insecurity will not be overcome by minimum wage laws, tax credits, means-tested benefits, or workfare. "
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Tax
Minimum Wage
Insecurity
" What we need is a slow time movement to gain control over time and an overhaul of work statistics to give a better perspective on all the work being done and how much of it is undesirable, unnecessary, and demeaning. "
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Work
Time
Perspective
" We need a new model of social protection. Let us accept that jobs are not the magic solution - and that in a globalised market, job guarantees are a false promise. Let us accept flexible labour, too. But in return, let us have a society in which everybody has a right to basic security and a more equal access to other insurance-based schemes. "
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Magic
Job
Society
" The precariat faces chronic uncertainty about what to do, about what incomes to expect, about state benefits that might be their due, about their relationships, their homes, and about the occupations they can realistically expect. "
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Relationships
Expect
Due
" The evidence shows if you give people security, they become better people. They develop their talents. They become better citizens. "
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Evidence
You
Security
" The precariat has been losing cultural rights in that those in it feel they cannot and do not belong to any community that gives them secure identity or a sense of solidarity and reciprocity, of mutual support. "
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Community
Identity
Support
" If I care for an elderly relative without payment, it is not work, is not counted in national income, and, as it is not labour, is not counted as work. Should my neighbour pay me to do precisely the same tasks, it would contribute to economic growth. "
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Care
Elderly
Growth