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" 'Satellite archaeology' refers to the use of NASA and commercial high resolution satellite datasets to map and discover past structures, cities, and geological features. "
Sarah Parcak
Past
Resolution
NASA
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" What we did is we used NASA topography data to map out the landscape, very subtle changes. We started to be able to see where the Nile used to flow. "
Sarah Parcak
Data
See
Map
" We only have a limited amount of time left before many archaeological sites all over the world are destroyed. So we have to be really selective about where we dig. "
Sarah Parcak
Dig
Only
Over
" Satellite datasets like WorldView can see objects as small as 1.5 feet in diameter. In 2014, WorldView-3 will be able to see objects a small as a foot. "
Sarah Parcak
Feet
Small
See
" Imagery is powerful. Imagery is provocative - satellite imagery much more so because it is from space, and it allows us to get this perspective that we don't have to have otherwise. "
Sarah Parcak
Perspective
Space
Us
" Archaeologists use datasets from NASA and commercial satellites, processing the information using various off-the-shelf computer programs. These datasets allow us to see beyond the visible part of the light spectrum into the near, middle, and far infrared. "
Sarah Parcak
NASA
Beyond
Information
" All over the world, we're finding out that, you know, whether it's Egypt or Syria or Central America, what satellites are showing is that there are hundreds, if not thousands, of previously unknown settlements all over the world, and what archaeology does, it helps us to understand this common humanity that we have. "
Sarah Parcak
World
You
America
" Less than 1 percent of ancient Egypt has been discovered and excavated. With population pressures, urbanization, and modernization encroaching, we're in a race against time. Why not use the most advanced tools we have to map, quantify, and protect our past? "
Sarah Parcak
Map
Egypt
Race
" I can't tell you the number of times I've been walking over an archaeological site. And you can't see anything on the ground, and pull back hundreds of miles in space, and all of a sudden you can see streets and roads and houses and even pyramids. "
Sarah Parcak
Space
See
Roads
" We can tell from the imagery a tomb was looted from a particular period of time, and we can alert INTERPOL to watch out for antiquities from that time that may be offered for sale. "
Sarah Parcak
Time
Watch
Tell
" I am part of a network of people monitoring what's happening at ancient sites in Iraq and Syria - from space. We can see clearly the destruction. "
Sarah Parcak
Destruction
People
See
" How do you find a buried city in a vast landscape? Finding it randomly would be the equivalent of locating a needle in a haystack, blindfolded, wearing baseball mitts. "
Sarah Parcak
You
Finding
Baseball
" Indiana Jones is old school; we've moved on from Indy. Sorry, Harrison Ford. "
Sarah Parcak
School
Old School
Indy
" The looters are using Google Earth, too. They're coming in with metal detectors and geophysical equipment. Some ask me to confirm sites. "
Sarah Parcak
Google
Earth
Coming
" Once archaeologists have shown possible 'new' ancient features, they can import the data into their iPads and take it to the field to do survey or excavation work. Technology doesn't mean we aren't digging in the dirt anymore - it's just that we know better where to dig. "
Sarah Parcak
Technology
Work
Know
" When a wall is slowly covered over by earth, the materials it's made from decay and become part of the soils around and above it, sometimes causing vegetation above and next to the wall to grow faster or slower. Satellite imagery helps archaeologists to pick up these subtle changes. "
Sarah Parcak
Sometimes
Grow
Become
" I dig in the sand, and I play with pretty pictures, so I never really left kindergarten. "
Sarah Parcak
Sand
Pictures
Dig
" What satellites help to show us is we've actually only found a fraction of a percent of ancient settlements and sites all over the world... It's the most exciting time in history to be an archaeologist. "
Sarah Parcak
Help
Show
History
" Eventually, when I started studying Egyptology, I realized that seeing with my naked eyes alone wasn't enough. Because all of the sudden, in Egypt, my beach had grown from a tiny beach in Maine to one eight hundred miles long, next to the Nile. "
Sarah Parcak
Enough
Long
Eyes
" What these satellites do is they record light radiation that's reflected off the surface of the Earth in different parts of the light spectrum. We use false color imaging to try to tease out these very subtle differences on the ground. "
Sarah Parcak
Color
Try
Light
" We've got to map all of our ancient history before it's gone because, let's face it, if we don't have a common heritage to share, something to get excited about, then what are we living for? "
Sarah Parcak
History
Living
Face
" There are so many previously unknown sites and structures all over the world. And I think most importantly what satellites help to show us is we've actually only found a fraction of a percent of ancient settlements and sites all over the world. "
Sarah Parcak
Show
Help
World
" There's always a little jump to your heart when you realize you've got looting. "
Sarah Parcak
Heart
Always
You
" The majority of the research I do is archaeological research, but to me, as a professor, the most important thing is to encourage and mentor students. "
Sarah Parcak
Mentor
Research
Most
" Looting and site destruction are global problems. We have a tough road ahead, and one key will be developing more collaborations and using new technologies like satellite imagery. "
Sarah Parcak
Problems
Road
Key
" I already find pyramids from space. Is there anything cooler than that? "
Sarah Parcak
Find
Pyramids
Than
" A lot of people are surprised when I talk so much about the present, but politics is just a crucial part of archaeology. "
Sarah Parcak
Present
People
Just
" I've always loved teaching and reading and talking to people, and my grandfather was a professor. "
Sarah Parcak
Reading
People
Loved
" It's an important tool to focus where we're excavating. It gives us a much bigger perspective on archaeological sites. We have to think bigger, and that's what the satellites allow us to do. "
Sarah Parcak
Perspective
Think
Focus
" I keep being surprised by the amount of archaeological sites and features that are left to find all over the world. "
Sarah Parcak
World
Surprised
Find
" If you look at the Nile on a map of Egypt, you don't think it has moved very much, but the river is very violent and has moved over time. "
Sarah Parcak
Time
Think
River