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" Few countries have become rich through free-trade, free-market policies, and few ever will. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Rich
Through
Will
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" Patent monopoly creates a lot of problems. It allows the patentee to charge the maximum to consumers. This may not be a problem if the patented product is a luxury item, like parts that go into a smartphone, but can violate basic human rights if it involves things such as life-saving drugs. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Luxury
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" It is impossible to objectively define how free a market is. This is a political definition. Government is always involved, and those free marketers are as politically motivated as anyone. "
Ha-Joon Chang
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Impossible
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" Free market economists frequently see minimum wage legislation as mere political intervention. However, there are decent economic theories which show that, under certain circumstances, minimum wages can be beneficial, as it makes workers more productive. "
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" We need to accept that consumption is not the end goal of our life and stop measuring our well-being simply on the basis of earnings. We need to explicitly take the quality of our work-related life into account in judging our well-being. "
Ha-Joon Chang
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Judging
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" Many financial and industrial companies have been bailed out with the public's money, but very few of those who had run those companies have been punished for their failures. Yes, the top managers of those companies have lost their jobs - but with a fat pension and mostly with a handsome severance payment. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Financial
Fat
Money
" Gone are the days when the upper classes were terrified of the angry mob wanting to smash their skulls and confiscate their properties. Now their biggest enemy is the army of lazy bums, whose lifestyle of indolence and hedonism, financed by crippling taxes on the rich, is sucking the lifeblood out of the economy. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Angry
Lazy
Mob
" It is time that we dispensed with the myth that the market is a force of nature that should not be meddled with. Markets are social creations that can be, and have been, modified for social purposes. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Social
Time
Force
" Indeed, willingness to challenge professional economists and other experts is a foundation stone of democracy. If all we have to do is to listen to the experts, what is the point of having democracy? "
Ha-Joon Chang
Challenge
Foundation
Stone
" The invention of the printing press was one of the most important events in human history. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Events
Most
Important
" Democracy, despite its limitations, is in the end the only way to ensure that policies do not simply benefit the privileged few. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Limitations
Democracy
End
" Every market has some rules and boundaries that restrict freedom of choice. A market looks free only because we so unconditionally accept its underlying restrictions that we fail to see them. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Accept
Free
Choice
" Markets are, in the end, man-made devices for utilitarian purposes, not a force of nature that we should not try to resist. If they end up serving the interests of only a tiny minority, as is increasingly the case, we have the right - and indeed the duty - to regulate them in the interest of greater social good. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Try
Good
End
" I think this notion that public enterprises do not work and therefore nationalization will be a disaster, I mean, it's not supported by evidence. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Disaster
Think
Work
" Unfortunately, a lot of economists wanted to make their subject a science. So the more what you do resembles physics or chemistry, the more credible you become. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Science
Physics
Chemistry
" As a consumer, I don't create art, but I think whatever the message is, art has to touch you. "
Ha-Joon Chang
You
Touch
Think
" The economy is much bigger than the market. We will not be able to build a good economy - nor a good society - unless we look at the vast expanse beyond the market. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Look
Economy
Good
" The truth is that the free movement of goods, people, and money that developed under British hegemony between 1870 and 1913 - the first episode of globalization - was made possible, in large part, by military might rather than market forces. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Truth
People
Money
" To put it bluntly, there isn't one economic theory that can single-handedly explain Singapore's success; its economy combines extreme features of capitalism and socialism. All theories are partial; reality is complex. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Success
Capitalism
Reality
" Why do tax havens exist? Because rich countries allow them to. If the U.S. came down on tax havens in the same way they come down on countries that trade with Iran and Cuba, we'd have no tax havens in the world. "
Ha-Joon Chang
World
Tax
Rich
" Charities are now working to give people in poor countries access to the Internet. But shouldn't we spend that money on providing health clinics and safe water? Aren't these things more relevant? I have no intention of downplaying the importance of the Internet, but its impact has been exaggerated. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Health
Money
Internet
" I used to joke that I came to England - not to the U.S. where most Koreans go - because I like Arthur Conan Doyle and Agatha Christie. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Because
Used
Most
" The feeling of insecurity is inimical to our sense of wellbeing, as it causes anxiety and stress, which harms our physical and mental health. It is no surprise then that, according to some surveys, workers across the world value job security more highly than wages. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Job
Mental Health
Health
" I like all kinds of music - classical, pop, rock, electronic. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Music
Kinds
Electronic
" Without there being some national strategy, it is difficult for educators to know what kinds of engineers or technicians to produce and for potential students to know what professions to study for. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Strategy
Know
Potential
" A lot of things that we cannot buy and sell in markets used to be totally legal objects of market exchange - human beings when we had slavery, child labour, human organs, and so on. So there is no economic theory that actually says that you shouldn't have slavery or child labour because all these are political, ethical judgments. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Legal
Political
Slavery
" Many people think that the U.S. is ahead in the frontier technology sectors as a result of private sector entrepreneurship. It's not. The U.S. federal government created all these sectors. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Government
Technology
People
" Very often, the judgments by ordinary citizens may be better than those by professional economists, being more rooted in reality and less narrowly focused. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Professional
Better
Focused
" Imagine if all those kings and dukes hadn't commissioned those crazy cathedrals, paintings and music... we'd still be living in sticks and mud. Because none of those things made any economic sense. Human beings' capacity to 'waste time' is a miracle - but that's exactly what art is for. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Art
Time
Living
" When we assess the impact of technological changes, we tend to downplay things that happened a while ago. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Things
Technological
Impact
" Instead of reading a paper, we now read the news online. Instead of buying books at a store, we buy them on-line. What's so revolutionary? The Internet has mainly affected our leisure life. "
Ha-Joon Chang
Reading
Life
News