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" Raising the minimum wage seems to all economists to, at the very least, fail to 'raise' employment, and we'd all like to see better inclusion of low-skilled workers into good-paying jobs. "
Edmund Phelps
See
Better
Inclusion
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" Entrepreneurs have only the murkiest picture of the future in which they are making their bets, and also there is ambiguity: they don't know when they push this lever or that lever that the outcome is going to be what they think it is going to be - there is the law of unanticipated consequences. "
Edmund Phelps
Push
Think
Picture
" My view is that innovation has declined in the everyday processes that businesses tinker with incrementally as they try to become more productive over time. "
Edmund Phelps
Try
Everyday
View
" The level of dynamism is a matter of how fertile the country is in coming up with innovative ideas having prospects of profitability, how adept it is at identifying and nourishing the ideas with the best prospects, and how prepared it is in evaluating and trying out the new products and methods that are launched onto the market. "
Edmund Phelps
Ideas
Country
Best
" At the simplest level, economics can better show us the consequences of our actions. Less simple are cases in which we don't have the knowledge to predict the full consequences. Global warming and climate change are examples. "
Edmund Phelps
Better
Knowledge
Change
" To pump up consumer or government demand would force interest rates up and asset prices down, possibly by enough to destroy more jobs than are created. "
Edmund Phelps
More
Government
Enough
" Chancellor Angela Merkel and Wolfgang Schaeuble, her finance minister, are right to oppose fiscal and bank unions without political union. "
Edmund Phelps
Right
Bank
Finance
" If every effect of any new products or methods were required to be known before they could be produced and marketed, they would not be true innovations - and thus not represent new knowledge of what people would like, if offered. "
Edmund Phelps
Be True
True
People
" What brought mass innovation to a nation was not scientific advances - its own or others' - but 'economic dynamism': the desire and the space to innovate. "
Edmund Phelps
Nation
Desire
Space
" Unemployment determination in a modern economy was the main subject area of my research from the mid-1960s to the end of the 1970s and again from the mid-1980s to the early 1990s. "
Edmund Phelps
Early
Research
Determination
" No amount of debt restructuring, even debt forgiveness, will help the Greeks achieve real prosperity. What they need is not short-term relief but, rather, a long-term cure. "
Edmund Phelps
Forgiveness
Achieve
Help
" In America, black urban teenagers have long been lacking in inclusion. In France, there is a comparable lack of inclusion among North Africans. In much of Europe, there has been little attempt to include the Roma. "
Edmund Phelps
Black
Urban
Long
" Developing new products is labour- intensive. So is producing the capital goods needed to make them. These jobs disappear when innovation stalls. "
Edmund Phelps
New
Disappear
Innovation
" The epic story of the West is the development in the 19th century of a mass prosperity the world had never seen and its near-disappearance in one nation after another in the 20th. "
Edmund Phelps
Nation
Development
Story
" One reason why upturns follow downturns is that downturns tend to overshoot. People get panicky, they're afraid to stay the course, so they start selling. The other thing is that I think, as entrepreneurs keep on waiting to produce new things, that there's an accumulation of as-yet-unexploited new ideas that keeps mounting up. "
Edmund Phelps
Think
People
New Things
" Overpaying the banks for their toxic assets could contribute capital, but that may not be politically feasible or attractive. "
Edmund Phelps
Toxic
May
Capital
" I don't think the economy telegraphs very clearly where it's going. "
Edmund Phelps
Where
Clearly
Economy
" Companies like Google and Facebook may offer jobs allowing or requiring imagination and creativity, but the whole of Silicon Valley accounts for only 3 percent of national income and a smaller percentage of national employment. "
Edmund Phelps
Valley
Imagination
Google
" In countries operating a largely capitalist system, there does not appear to be a wide understanding among its actors and overseers of either its advantages or its hazards. "
Edmund Phelps
Either
Countries
Understanding
" A nation's economy is more than its markets, tastes, technologies and property rights. "
Edmund Phelps
Rights
Economy
More
" The celebration of homeownership seems to be part of a countermovement against popular owning of shares in corporations. "
Edmund Phelps
Owning
Against
Celebration
" Italy and France could lop off their excessive wealth through a one-time tax on private wealth. "
Edmund Phelps
France
Italy
Off
" Unemployment rates tend to rise and fall in roughly equal proportion at all rungs of the ladder, and that happened between 1973 and 1985. "
Edmund Phelps
Unemployment
Equal
Ladder
" The 1920s and 1930s were a period of sensational productivity growth: new products were springing up all over the place, and most of those new products and new methods were developed by people who started their own companies. "
Edmund Phelps
Own
Place
People
" Those of us born into vitalist and expressionist cultures must hope that governments will draw back from shutting down the modernist project of exploring, experimenting, and imagining - of voyaging into the unknown - that has been essential for rewarding lives. "
Edmund Phelps
Hope
Exploring
Down
" I didn't do my work for money or prizes - only for the excitement of discovery. "
Edmund Phelps
Discovery
Money
Only
" Mass prosperity came with the mass innovation that sprung up in 1815 in Britain, soon after in America, and later in Germany and France: It brought sustained growth to these nations - also to nations with entrepreneurs willing and able to copy the innovations. "
Edmund Phelps
America
Copy
Growth
" The best part of the high school in Hastings must have been the Music Department. Its orchestra and concert band did well in county competitions, and the dance band formed by its students was the best in the region. I played lead trumpet in all of them. "
Edmund Phelps
Dance
Best
High School
" Liberal redistributionists in favor of heavy taxation place less weight on incentive than do small-government conservatives. "
Edmund Phelps
Liberal
Place
Taxation
" Germany, Italy and France appear to possess less dynamism than do the U.S. and the others. "
Edmund Phelps
France
Germany
Italy
" I grew up, until age 6, in Chicago. My parents rented their apartment and, at the end of the Depression, my parents wanted to replicate that situation. So, again, we lived in a somewhat suburban setting outside of New York City, and again, they rented. "
Edmund Phelps
Parents
New York
Age