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" I engage my subjects in conversation, patterned after psychiatric questioning, with the aim of discovering something about the reasoning underlying their right but especially their wrong answers. "

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" During the earliest stages the child perceives things like a solipsist who is unaware of himself as subject and is familiar only with his own actions. "

Jean Piaget

Own

Child

" From the moral as from the intellectual point of view, the child is born neither good nor bad but master of his destiny. "

" I have always detested any departure from reality, an attitude which I relate to my mother's poor mental health. "

" One of the most striking things one finds about the child under 7-8 is his extreme assurance on all subjects. "

" Logical reasoning is an argument which we have with ourselves and which reproduces internally the features of a real argument. "

" Play is the work of childhood. "

" The current state of knowledge is a moment in history, changing just as rapidly as the state of knowledge in the past has ever changed and, in many instances, more rapidly. "

" The child of three or four is saturated with adult rules. His universe is dominated by the idea that things are as they ought to be, that everyone's actions conform to laws that are both physical and moral - in a word, that there is a Universal Order. "

" The principle goal of education in the schools should be creating men and women who are capable of doing new things, not simply repeating what other generations have done. "

" Play is the answer to the question, 'How does anything new come about?' "

" The child often sees only what he already knows. He projects the whole of his verbal thought into things. He sees mountains as built by men, rivers as dug out with spades, the sun and moon as following us on our walks. "

" Children's games constitute the most admirable social institutions. The game of marbles, for instance, as played by boys, contains an extremely complex system of rules - that is to say, a code of laws, a jurisprudence of its own. "

" Scientific knowledge is in perpetual evolution; it finds itself changed from one day to the next. "

Jean Piaget

Evolution

Knowledge

" Childish egocentrism is, in its essence, an inability to differentiate between the ego and the social environment. "

" Intelligence is what you use when you don't know what to do: when neither innateness nor learning has prepared you for the particular situation. "

" Knowing reality means constructing systems of transformations that correspond, more or less adequately, to reality. "

Jean Piaget

Less

Knowing

" I always like to think on a problem before reading about it. "

" Every acquisition of accommodation becomes material for assimilation, but assimilation always resists new accommodations. "

" The practice of narrative and argument does not lead to invention, but it compels a certain coherence of thought. "

" On the one hand, there are individual actions such as throwing, pushing, touching, rubbing. It is these individual actions that give rise most of the time to abstraction from objects. "

" The first type of abstraction from objects I shall refer to as simple abstraction, but the second type I shall call reflective abstraction, using this term in a double sense. "

" To reason logically is so to link one's propositions that each should contain the reason for the one succeeding it, and should itself be demonstrated by the one preceding it. Or at any rate, whatever the order adopted in the construction of one's own exposition, it is to demonstrate judgments by each other. "

" In genetic epistemology, as in developmental psychology, too, there is never an absolute beginning. "

" From this time on, the universe is built up into an aggregate of permanent objects connected by causal relations that are independent of the subject and are placed in objective space and time. "

" Everyone knows that at the age of 11-12, children have a marked impulse to form themselves into groups and that the respect paid to the rules and regulations of their play constitutes an important feature of this social life. "

" Before playing with his equals, the child is influenced by his parents. He is subjected from his cradle to a multiplicity of regulations, and even before language he becomes conscious of certain obligations. "

" Logical activity is not the whole of intelligence. One can be intelligent without being particularly logical. "

" Our problem, from the point of view of psychology and from the point of view of genetic epistemology, is to explain how the transition is made from a lower level of knowledge to a level that is judged to be higher. "

" Logic and mathematics are nothing but specialised linguistic structures. "

" Egocentrism appears to us as a form of behavior intermediate between purely individual and socialized behavior. "

Jean Piaget

Individual

Behavior